Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Transformasi Pendidikan Inklusif Berbasis Kearifan Lokal dan Digitalisasi Pembelajaran
Articles

Pemetaan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Pemula pada Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka: Studi Kualitatif Multi-Kasus di Sekolah Dasar

Muhammad Salabi
Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
Lalu Ibrohim Burhan
Universitas Gunung Rinjani

Published 2025-12-19

Keywords

  • Asesmen formatif,
  • Diferensiasi pembelajaran,
  • Guru pemula,
  • Kurikulum Merdeka,
  • Kompetensi pedagogik

Abstract

Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka menuntut guru pemula untuk mengembangkan kompetensi pedagogik yang adaptif, namun penelitian sebelumnya lebih menitikberatkan pada kesiapan mengajar secara umum tanpa menelaah bagaimana kompetensi tersebut terwujud dalam praktik diferensiasi dan asesmen formatif. Kesenjangan ini menunjukkan perlunya kajian empiris yang menilai secara langsung kemampuan guru pemula dalam merespons tuntutan kurikulum baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kompetensi pedagogik guru pemula pada implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di sekolah dasar. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif multi-kasus di tiga sekolah dasar, melibatkan enam guru pemula, dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi kelas, analisis 18 dokumen pembelajaran, dan wawancara mendalam. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan thematic cross-case analysis berbantu perangkat lunak NVivo. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pedagogik berada pada kategori berkembang, dengan ketidakkonsistenan pada keselarasan tujuan pembelajaran dengan Capaian Pembelajaran, keterbatasan diferensiasi (15–45 persen), dan variasi asesmen formatif yang belum sistematis. Guru pemula juga menunjukkan kebutuhan tinggi terhadap dukungan profesional. Studi ini menegaskan bahwa integrasi komponen Pedagogical Content Knowledge belum stabil pada guru pemula, dan dukungan belajar dewasa diperlukan untuk mempercepat pembentukan identitas profesional mereka. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis mengenai operasionalisasi PCK dalam konteks kurikulum fleksibel, serta kontribusi praktis bagi pengembangan program induksi, pelatihan diferensiasi, dan desain asesmen formatif dalam implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka.

Abstract

Implementing the Merdeka Curriculum requires novice teachers to exercise adaptive pedagogical competence. Yet prior studies have predominantly focused on general teaching readiness, without examining how this competence is enacted through differentiation and formative assessment practices. This gap underscores the need for empirical investigation into how novice teachers respond to the technical demands of the new curriculum. This study aimed to analyse novice teachers' pedagogical competence in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum in primary schools. A multi-case qualitative design was applied across three primary schools, involving six novice teachers, with data collected through classroom observations, analysis of 18 instructional documents, and in-depth interviews. The data were analysed using thematic cross-case analysis supported by NVivo. Findings indicated that pedagogical competence was developing but inconsistent, particularly in the alignment of instructional goals with learning outcomes, the limited presence of differentiation (15–45 percent), and uneven formative assessment practices. Novice teachers also demonstrated a high need for professional support. The study shows that components of Pedagogical Content Knowledge are not yet fully integrated among novice teachers, and adult-learning–oriented professional support is essential to strengthen their emerging professional identities. These findings contribute theoretically by refining the operationalisation of PCK within a flexible curriculum context, and practically by informing induction programmes, differentiation training, and the design of formative assessment for the Merdeka Curriculum implementation.

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